When and how to repot a plant

Repotting gives roots fresh soil and room to grow. Most plants need it every 1–2 years.

Signs it is time

• Roots growing out of the drainage hole or circling the surface.
• Water runs straight through without soaking in.
• The plant dries out within a day or two of watering.

The best time

Spring and the start of the monsoon, when plants are actively growing. Avoid repotting a plant that is flowering or stressed.

How to do it

1. Water the plant a day before, so the root ball slides out easily.
2. Choose a pot only 2–5 cm wider than the old one, with a drainage hole.
3. Add a layer of fresh potting mix to the bottom.
4. Ease the plant out, loosen circling roots gently, and set it at the same depth as before.
5. Fill around it with mix, firm lightly, and water well.
6. Keep it out of harsh sun for a week while it settles.

A simple potting mix

Equal parts garden soil, cocopeat and vermicompost suits most houseplants. Add coarse sand or perlite for cacti and succulents so water drains quickly.